Before Einstein it was assumed that all events that are observed to happen at a certain time, now, happened simultaneously, or at the same time, for all observers. Time was absolute. So in the animation, if we ask the observers at blue, grey, and yellow to tell us when the two lights are turned on, they would all say, now, and they would all assume that they are talking about the same now moment. However, as shown, due to the time it takes light to travel a given distance, each observer sees the lights being turned on at a different now moment. So to us, the fourth removed observer, if we started a clock at our location, as shown by the blue, grey, and yellow lines; we would see that the yellow observer sees both lights at the same time. The blue observer sees the red light first and the green light second. The grey observer sees the green light first and the red light second. Yellow = Red and Green simultaneous Blue = Red first then Green second Grey = Green first then Red second So when asked, Yellow would insist that both events happened at the same time, now. Blue would insist that the Red light was turned on first, now, then the Green light. Grey would say that the Green light was turned on, now, then the Red. We, the fourth observer, can see that they are all correct. The order of the occurrence of the two lights, and what happens now, has been reversed for the Blue and Grey observers. In this example the observers are stationary and the reversal is based on the time that light needs to travel a set distance. But the principle is the same if we set one or all of the observers in motion. So now, or time, is relative, and is different for each observer.
Thinking this over some more... If we pick a certain point in our timeline, as the fourth observer, and label it now, We could say that: Right now, Red and Green have occurred in Yellow's past, Red is now occurring in Blue's present and Green is in Blue's future. Green is now occurring in Grey's present and Red is in Grey's future. And we have past, present, and future all existing at the same now moment, for the same Red and Green events, depending on your point of reference.
If each observer had a stopwatch and they synchronously started their stopwatches at the beginning of the experiment, wouldn't time then be the same for all observers? Wouldn't they then correctly conclude that the light arrived at their destinations at different times?
I believe that all of the black holes in the universe are feeding all of their energy to the moment of creation. Creation creates the black holes, black holes create creation. Time is just the rhythm count in between the relative beginning and the relative end. If the rhythm count were to carry over, in between the start/end events of each cycle, I believe that the count would be infinite and would continue its growth forever more. That's not to say everything is exactly the same each cycle. I still believe we are all somewhat unique. Which is completely possible. As the amount of energy in this theory never changes, only the form that matter and energy takes from each 'bang' would vary. That is my theory. Please be careful with it.
You got me thinking about "reverse time." The way I understand it, for time to reverse, all matter would need to correspondingly reverse position to the location it was in the previous time. Our globe would need to spin in the opposite direction, our thoughts would need to reverse order to where they were previously in time. We would need to become unborn. I don't see how reverse time is possible.
If everyone starts their stopwatch at the same moment, they will still observe the occurrence of the red and green lights at different times in relation to each other. This is what happens in the example. The fourth observer is, in effect, the stopwatch. This is not to say that causality can be reversed. Once the observation is made by each observer, they can not reverse it.
What this got me thinking about was, if time is relative to each observer, then what direction does the flow of time really occur in? There's no real shared past and no real shared future. The things that happened before for one observer wouldn't be the things that happened before for another, necessarily.
But Neon, in a local environment all observers are essentially sharing the same time in relation to each other. There must be a huge difference of time or distance for the relative nature of time to be seen.
But what is that saying about the nature of the observers, if anything? Separating them warps time somehow. Or there really are two separate times for them...
I think it says that space/time is dependent on the observer and is not absolute. The observer is an active part of the universe.